Splenectomy (Spleen Removal)

What Is Spleen Removal Surgery (Splenectomy)?

Spleen removal surgery, also known as a splenectomy, removes a damaged or diseased spleen in patients diagnosed with hypersplenism.  Depending on whether the spleen is enlarged or ruptured, the surgeon takes different approaches to the splenectomy procedure. 

With the patient under general anesthesia, the surgeon makes an incision in the abdomen and ties off the artery directing blood to the spleen.  This prevents blood loss, reduces the size of the enlarged spleen, and helps to prevent further sequestration of blood cells.  In the case of a ruptured spleen, the surgeon makes the initial incision from the underside of the organ and fastens the splenic artery.  The surgeon then detaches all ligaments attached to the spleen to remove it.  Tissue samples are typically sent to a laboratory for analysis.   

For the first 24 hours post surgery, patients may experience nausea.  They tend to regain mobility gradually within 4 days of the operation.  Bruising and swelling around the wound usually fades in 2 to 3 days.  Most patients make a full recovery from the surgery in approximately 2 months.  Activities like driving, sexual relations, or light work can usually be resumed within 2 to 4 weeks.  Jobs that require heavy labor can usually be resumed in approximately 8 weeks.