Pacemaker Installation

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What Is Pacemaker Installation Surgery?

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A normal, healthy heart beats with a regular rhythm. But sometimes a heart may be unable to maintain a steady rhythm due to conditions like bradyarrythmia, heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or syncope. In such cases doctors might recommend inserting a pacemaker to help maintain regular heart beats.

Pacemaker installation surgery is performed either via an endocardial or an epicardial method. In the former, local anesthesia is used. The latter requires general anesthesia and is usually recommended for children.

Endocardial Approach: An electrophysiologist performs the procedure under local anesthesia. Thereafter, the surgeon makes an incision in the chest to insert the leads and pacemaker. The surgeon guides the lead through a vein and into the heart with the help of a fluoroscopy machine. The tip of the lead is attached to the heart muscle, and the other end, which is attached to a pulse generator, is placed under the skin in the upper chest.

Epicardial Approach: In this kind of pacemaker installation surgery, the patient is put under general anesthesia. The surgical procedure is similar to the endocardial approach, but the recovery time in the epicardial approach is much longer.

Normally, an overnight stay at the hospital is required for pacemaker installation surgery. Doctors will usually take a chest X-ray the day after the surgery to check if everything is normal. Before being discharged, patients receive an ID card detailing information such as the type of pacemaker installed, date of installation, and the name of the surgeon who implanted the device. Patients are required to carry this card at all times.

Easing back into a normal routine is essential after pacemaker installation surgery. One can usually resume lighter tasks after a week or so. Ore strenuous activities should be avoided until the doctor says otherwise. Sports like swimming, golf, and tennis can often be resumed after six weeks. Patients should avoid strong magnetic and electric fields including microwaves, metal detectors, and CT scans. You'll need to talk to your physician about if, how, and when you may use a cell phone.

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