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Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection

What Is Intracytoplasmatic Sperm Injection (ICSI)?

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a popular option for couples that are unable to conceive due to severe male infertility. When little to no sperm is present in the semen intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can assist the fertilization stage of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

The doctor can use a sample of the male patient’s semen if it contains sperm; or, if not, a small incision to the scrotum provides the necessary amount of sperm for the procedure. The latter is usually only necessary when a blockage hampers proper ejaculation or when the patient has a problem with sperm development.

The female patient receives daily injections (which can be somewhat painful) for 2 weeks prior to egg retrieval in order to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs (known as superovulation). At the end of the first week, the doctor examines her blood estrogen levels and ensures that the eggs are properly maturing in the follicles. The doctor then adjusts the dosage accordingly for the second week of treatment. When the follicle matures, the doctor collects the eggs through laparascopy or needle aspiration within approximately 36 hours. The two-week treatment can be physically and emotionally demanding for the female patient; however, the recovery time is short, and she can usually resume work the next day.

To complete the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure, the doctor injects one sperm into each egg held in place by a glass tool. The eggs are left to culture in a laboratory overnight. The doctor finally places two to four successfully fertilized eggs (called zygotes) in the uterus using a flexible catheter inserted through the cervix. The would-be parents can opt to freeze any remaining embryos for future attempts.



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