CT Scan, CAT Scan, Computer Axial Topography

What Is a CT Scan?

CT scans (also known as CAT scans or computed tomography scans) are diagnostic images used to pinpoint and isolate medical complications within the body.  The process is painless and involves taking multiple X-ray images and compiling them on a computer into cross-sectional representations of the soft tissue, bone, and blood vessels.  CT scans are useful for diagnosing patients and treating them in the early stages of disease.  A CT scan is necessary to obtain images that cannot be viewed on a regular X-ray.  In some CT scans, a dye or contrast agent may be necessary to highlight certain organs or tissues, making them more apparent in the computer images.  With certain types of dyes, the patient may need to fast or limit consumption to clear liquids for a number of hours prior to surgery.  In some cases, the patient may be required to use an enema before the appointment.   

Prior to the procedure, the patient dons a hospital gown and removes all metal items, including jewelry, dentures, and eye glasses.  The technologist places the patient on the couch of the CT scanner and then glides it into place within the machine.  Cross-hair positioning lights guide the X-rays to the target area.  Where images of the head or throat are necessary, soft straps hold the neck and head in place to immobilize it during the procedure.  Once the patient is in position, the technologist leaves the room to control the computer from an adjacent room with a window facing the machine and the patient within.  Through an intercom, the technologist is able to communicate with the patient who remains awake during the entire procedure.  Anesthesia is unnecessary since the patient experiences no pain.