Toe Fusion

Arthodesis for Hammer Toe

Hammer toe is a condition affecting the second, third, or fourth toes.  It is characterized by a bend in the middle joint producing a hammer like appearance.  The toe may become red and sore at the top where corns or calluses develop from wearing ill-fitting shoes.  If left untreated, the muscles that cause the toe to straighten become too weak to straighten the toe even when the shoes are removed.  When conservative measure to treat hammer toe have failed, a surgical healthcare procedure, toe fusion or arthodesis, may be necessary.

Conservative Treatments for Hammer Toe Prior to Arthodesis

Before recommending toe fusion, your health care provider may suggest a change to roomier shoes with a boxy toe.  He or she might recommend a strap designed for straightening hammer toe plus cushions or corn pads before resorting to surgery.  If these options are not successful, arthodesis, a surgical healthcare option, may be performed to straighten the toe.  If you have diabetes, poor circulation, or loss of sensation in your feet, consult with your healthcare physician before self-treating.

Performing Arthodesis

Arthodesis is usually performed at an out-patient clinic under local anesthesia.  A qualified surgeon makes a cut over the top of the affected joint.  The joint surfaces are trimmed and the toe is re-positioned.  The arthodesis is held in place by a wire connecting the end of the toe and extending across the affected joint.  The incision is closed leaving an inch-long thin wire extending from the tip of the toe.  About six weeks later, this wire is removed.  There may be some discomfort with toe fusion, and crutches may be necessary for several days following arthodesis.  It will take up to six weeks for the toe to properly fuse and the surgeon’s healthcare directions must be closely adhered to.  After the wire is removed your healthcare provider will clear you to resume normal activities.  Complications of toe fusion are rare but may include delayed healing, heart and lung complications, and infection.  Persons suffering from diabetes, circulatory disorders, or ailments should learn all about arthodesis and possible risks from their healthcare surgeon.