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How Much Does Colostomy Closure Cost?

What Is Colostomy Closure

Colostomy closure (also known as a colorectal anastomosis) is a healthcare procedure designed to reverse a previous colostomy.  Once the diseased part of the colon is healed or removed, the colon can start functioning normally provided that the part of the colon that opened into the outside of the stomach to pass intestinal waste is joined back with the remaining part of the colon.  Patients who have undergone colostomy operations require colorectal anastomosis to resume normal functioning of the colon in evacuating feces.  Though not usually life-threatening, a colostomy closure operation saves the patient from the hassle and embarrassment of carrying around a colostomy pouch on the outside of his or her body.  

Colostomy Closure or Colorectal Anastomosis Procedure

Colostomy closure is a healthcare procedure that is performed under general anesthesia.  The same cut that was made for the original colostomy is reopened and the colon is freed from the skin of the stomach.  The disjointed parts of the colon are stitched up and joined together.  The small opening on the outside of the stomach, through which the colon empties waste material into the bag, is also closed.  The operation requires a 7-10 day stay in the hospital.  Complications in colorectal anastomosis include chest infections, stomach infections, discomfort, improper healing, nausea, and pain.  Bowel movements usually become regular shortly after the operation, although medication, rest, and physical therapy are often prescribed by physiciansPatients can return to light jobs after 8 weeks, although regular exercise and strenuous activity should be postponed until 3 or 4 months after the operation.

To compare the cost of colostomy closure by country, please consult our medical tourism pricing guide.

 

Why Singapore?

Singapore – The World Class Healthcare Destination

Singapore’s healthcare services have a long history of excellence, trust, and safety, all of which are coupled with advanced research and international accreditationSingapore has received numerous accolades, giving patients and their families peace of mind.  Above all, patients value Singapore’s assurance of medical excellence in a safe and trustworthy environment. 

International patients come to Singapore each year for a whole range of medical procedures ranging from health screening and wellness services to high-end specialist care and surgical procedures such as organ transplantation, orthopaedics, ophthalmology, cardiothoracic surgery, neurosurgery and oncology.   

The hospitals and treatment centres in Singapore also carry out R&D, leveraging on the growing biomedical research and expertise in Singapore to develop new treatments.  Based on exit surveys conducted of international visitors to Singapore in 2006, 410,000 visitors travelled to Singapore specifically for healthcare. 

Besides providing patient services, Singapore also leads the region in attracting a growing number of international medical professionals and multinational healthcare/healthcare-related companies to headquarter, train, and share their expertise as well as conduct and host healthcare-related research, training, and events.   

The SingaporeMedicine Initiative

Launched in 2003, SingaporeMedicine is a multi-agency government-industry partnership committed to strengthening Singapore’s position as Asia’s leading medical hub and international healthcare destination.  Led by the Ministry of Health of Singapore, SingaporeMedicine is supported by three government agencies, namely, the Economic Development Board which develops industry capabilities, the International Enterprise Singapore which fosters regionalisation by Singapore-based healthcare players, and the Singapore Tourism Board which markets Singapore as a healthcare destination to inbound international patients and develops associated people-oriented services 

Fact Sheet: Singapore’s Healthcare Accolades & Accreditation

There are seven public hospitals, six private hospitals, and six specialist national medical centres in Singapore, and all these facilities are carefully integrated into a health network that seeks to provide optimal care for patients, both foreign and domestic.  Singapore’s private and public healthcare institutions provide international patients with a full range of healthcare services, from basic scans to specialist treatments 

Currently, many of the international patients who seek treatment in Singapore come from neighbouring countries, such as Malaysia and Indonesia, but Singapore is also experiencing double-digit growth from countries in Indo-China, South Asia, the Middle East, and Greater China. 

There are also patients from the developed world who come to Singapore for healthcare that is relatively affordable and yet of comparable quality to the services available in the United States and Europe. 

Key Singapore healthcare services accolades and accreditation:  

Accreditation

Nine hospitals and two medical centres in Singapore have obtained Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation, accounting for one-third of all JCI-accredited facilities in the whole of Asia.   

Seven hospitals are International Organization for Standardization (ISO) certified. 

Accolades

In 2003, the Political and Economic Risk Consultancy (PERC) ranked Singapore’s healthcare system as the third best in the world.  Singapore was also voted the country best prepared to handle a major medical crisis in Asia. 

In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) voted Singapore’s advanced healthcare network as the best in Asia and sixth best in the world. 

Singapore’s blood supply ranks among the safest in the world.  The Centre for Transfusion Medicine is internationally renowned for its high standards of blood safety practices and management of blood transfusion services.  It is recognised as a World Health Organisation (WHO) Collaborating Centre. 

In 2007, Singapore was voted the “Best Medical/Wellness Tourism Destination” by TravelWeekly (Asia) Industry Awards 2007.
 

A Breath of Relief

Pain several weeks after surgery is normal.  For one native Californian however, the pain following nasal surgery in the US lasted three decades.  So when he learnt of a possible treatment in Singapore, hell or high water couldn’t stop him. 

In 1974, casino dealer Michael Hornholtz was rolled into the operating theatre, expecting doctors to fix his broken nose.  The septoplasty was meant to straighten his nasal septum (the partition between the two nasal cavities).  Not an uncommon procedure, even at the time, still, it was obvious the moment the anesthesia had worn off, that something was wrong.   

Recalls, the 66-year old, “I had a torturous and intolerable pain at the site of the surgery.  This was accompanied by extreme irritation of the membrane and floods of mucus, and the sensation that something was trapped in my nose.” His doctor attributed this to an allergy.  That hardly convinced him seeing that he had no history of allergies of any kind.  Yet, that was to be the least of his problems.  “No matter how much I asked, requested or begged, I could not get anyone to go back and look at the original operation site to determine the true nature of my condition,” he insists. 

Life of overwhelm

Although prescribed with pain-reliving medication, its effects were limited unless he over-medicated himself to the point of unconsciousness.  A topical steroid spray was later added to his pain-fighting repertoiMichaelre of drugs and although it did suppress the symptoms somewhat, he knew it was merely masking the underlying condition.  Hornholtz maintains, “I had to carry pockets full of paper towels wherever I went in order to accommodate the rivers of mucus I would produce on a daily basis.  There was a sense of entrapment and I was horrified that I may have to take steroids for the rest of my life.” 

Though he had had ‘more X-rays than he can remember’, all they revealed was that his septum had been successfully corrected.  CT scans and MRIs also failed to point out anything conclusively.  Disillusioned, he did some research and found out that the only way to determine the exact nature of the condition was a minimally-invasive examination using a microscopic camera.  The only problem was that his doctors did not think that his condition warranted it.  

Eventually, in 1996, a surgeon agreed to correct the problem but did so without success.  Another surgeon attempted the same in 2003 but he too failed.  In time, psychiatric treatment was instead recommended, signaling where the doctors thought his pain was emanating from.  To add to his woes, he had developed sleep apnea, which was preventing him from getting a decent night’s sleep.   

Down but determined 

Even though Hornholtz was emotionally drained and financially strained by this point, he persevered for a solution.  He did not want to remain drugged up all the time.  Furthermore, no matter what he did to maintain a level of self-sufficiency, it was getting increasingly harder with age.  Still, determined not to sit and watch his quality of life erode, he took his search online.  It paid off.  From the different options available, he decided to see consultant ENT surgeon Dr Lau Chee Chong, from the Ear, Nose and Throat Centre CC Lau, at Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre in Singapore.  Dr Lau is also part of eMenders, a group of specialist doctors based at the centre. 

“Dr Lau was very responsive and reassuring and seemed to have a better understanding and a more positive approach.  He also addressed all my questions clearly and listened carefully to all my requests.  I was impressed with both his promptness and thoroughness.  Although I was excited and couldn’t wait to get to Singapore, at the same time I was disturbed by the idea that I had to travel around the world for medical treatment.  I view this as a failure and harsh criticism of the entire healthcare system in my country,” declares Hornholtz, who has never before traveled outside North America. 

The 33-year wait ends

In May 2007, Hornholtz arrived in Singapore.  With medical reports earlier sent to him, and after conducting his own clinical examination, Dr Lau outlines Hornholtz’s chronic nasal problem.  “What I saw was a lot of scar tissue in the anterior ethmoidal, an area where the nerves run.  His septum had deviated to one side and was pressing against the lateral wall of the nose, a condition known as nasal neuralgia.  This probably resulted when the doctors were trying to straighten his nose.” He adds, “There was some infection and he also had sinusitis.  However, I felt that the impinging of the nerves was the root of his pain.”  

During the hour-long surgery, Dr Lau went into the area where the nerve runs and removed some of the bony chips he found.  He also cleared up the sinus infection and scar tissue left behind from his previous surgeries.  Hornholtz recounts how he felt after surgery 

    “I had undergone extensive nasal work with a great deal of structural correction so it was initially a little difficult to determine which pain was which.  However, gradually, it became apparent that the trauma that had plagued me and controlled my life for so long was finally gone.  Unbelievable.”  

With 17 years of ENT experience behind him, Dr Lau notes how this problem is easily one that can be wrongly diagnosed.   

    “The patient might be in pain but there is no clear-cut indication of a problem.  Even a scan may not reveal anything.  The hunting of the nerve comes with knowing what you are looking for.  Otherwise, you will miss it.  Sometimes, just listening to the patient will give you an idea.  Owing to that, more often than not, painkillers are prescribed and the patient is sent on his way.” 

After an over-night stay in the hospital, the American spent the next six days recuperating in his hotel before leaving for home.  He is expected to follow up with an ENT specialist back in California.  Speaking via email a month after surgery, an elated Hornholtz reports that though still recovering and not yet back to work, he is happy with his progress.   

“I can’t begin to explain how grateful I am to Dr Lau for treating my condition when all the top nasal specialists from esteemed medical schools and clinics in the US had turned me away.  He has given me a gift that cannot be measured.” Hornholtz has also much to say about the excellent and professional medical services available in Singapore.  This he says with a resounding belief and more importantly, with a breath of relief.   

About eMenders

eMenders (www.emenders.com) is a group of more than 50 leading specialist doctors in Singapore covering over 25 different branches of medicine and dentistry based at Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre in Singapore.  To help patients make well-informed decisions, the doctors’ profiles; qualifications and training backgrounds are available on their website.  eMenders also provides referral services to match patients with the appropriate medical specialists for their medical conditions.

   

Abdomino-Perineal Resection of Rectum

Healthcare Solutions for Rectum Disease

Improper bowel movements or pain in the lower intestines are often indicators of an infected colon or lacerated rectum.  Although the exact causes may vary, an abdomino-perineal resection of the rectum is often a wise course of action.

Abdomino-Perineal Resection of the Rectum

Preparations for an abdomino-perineal resection and colostomy include a check on smoking, excessive weight, abnormal blood pressure, varying hormone levels, impaired heart and lung functions, past illnesses, medications, and allergies.  The healthcare practitioner begins the operation by administering general anesthesia.  The abdomino-perineal resection surgeon will then continue with a long incision in the skin and muscle of the central lower part of the stomach wall.  From here the surgeon removes the lower bowels and back passage.  Once this is completed the colostomy can be performed by further opening the stomach wall and removing the remaining bowels.  The operation concludes with a drainage tube fixed to the area to drain out residual blood, and the wound is stitched.

Recovery after an Abdomino-Perineal Resection of the Rectum

After abdomino-perineal resection surgery, injections and medicines are given to reduce the pain and infection.  The drainage tube is removed after four days.  Stitches are removed after 10 days.  Complete recovery from the operation can take three months, but after four weeks, most of your daily activities can be resumed, although most doctors advise that you refrain from anything too strenuous.  Complications of abdomino-perineal resection are rare, but include damage to the sex nerves, heart, lungs, chest infection, slow bowel movements, wound infection, and damage to the bladder or blood vessels.  Aches and twinges may occur for up to six months.

   

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