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Politics of the Philippines

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Political Organization of the Filipino Government

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The Philippine government is organized as a presidential-unitary republic. The President, elected by popular vote to a six-year term, has several functions: head of state, head of the government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The term unitary republic refers to a government that is ruled constitutionally as a single unit. The bicameral Congress is made up of two bodies: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 senators who serve six-year terms, with half of them retiring every three years. The House of Representatives is made up of 250 members who serve a term of three years. The Supreme Court heads the judicial branch of the government. The President appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme court and the 14 associate justices. Some of the other courts in the government are the Court of Appeals, the Regional Trial Courts, and the Metropolitan Trial Courts.

Change to a Unicameral Parliament in the Philippines?

The current President ,Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, is working on an agreement to amend the constitution to form a unicameral parliament that is patterned after the Westminster model. This would divide the country into states where each one would establish a local legislature. One amendment would remove or ease the current ban on foreign ownership of property, land, and commercial organizations in the Philippines. Plans are also in the works to decentralize the government by moving departments from Manila to several provinces.

The Philippines and Other Nations

The Philippines is a member of many international organizations including, the United Nations (founding member), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (also a founding member), the East Asia Summit, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, the Latin Union, and the Group of 24. The Philippines are presently in dispute with several nations over the Spratly Islands and Scarborough Shoal, which are rich in oil and natural gas.

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